∑

Summation

Unicode
U+2211
Category
Math
HTML Entity
∑
CSS
\2211
The Summation symbol (∑) represents the sum of a sequence of numbers, equations, or algebraic terms in mathematics. While it looks identical to the Greek capital letter Sigma (Σ), this specific Unicode character is designed explicitly for formatting mathematical equations rather than general text. Beyond textbooks, it frequently appears in statistical data, spreadsheet functions, and data science discussions.

How to Type

Windows
In Word: type 2211, then press Alt + X. Other apps have no standard Windows shortcut for it — copy it from this page
macOS
Option+W
Linux
Ctrl+Shift+U then 2211
HTML
∑ or ∑

In Programming

In technical documentation and markup, the summation symbol is heavily used in LaTeX via the `\sum` command and in MathML. While rarely written directly in source code logic, it visually represents array reduction methods like `sum()` in Python or `reduce()` in JavaScript.

Read full meaning article

Tags

Excel summation sign addition big sigma symbol calculus capital sigma summation mathematics series series sum operator sigma sigma calculus statistics sum symbol sum sum formula math summation notation ∑ LaTeX

Related Symbols

± Plus Minus Sign × Multiplication Sign ÷ Division Sign ≠ Not Equal To ≈ Approximately Equal To ∞ Infinity √ Square Root ∫ Integral π Pi ≤ Less Than or Equal To ≥ Greater Than or Equal To ∂ Partial Differential